Department
of Periodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 1121 West
Michigan Street, DS 423, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Calendula
officinalis is commonly called the marigold. It is a staple topical
remedy in homeopathic medicine. It is rich in quercetin, carotenoids,
lutein, lycopene, rutin, ubiquinone, xanthophylls, and other
anti-oxidants. It has anti-inflammatory properties. Quercetin, one of
the active components in Calendula, has been shown to inhibit
recombinant human matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and decrease
the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β (IL), IL-6 and
IL-8 in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and calcium
ionophore-stimulated human mast cells.
OBJECTIVES:
To examine the effects of Calendula on human gingival fibroblast (HGF) mediated collagen degradation and MMP activity.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Lactate
dehydrogenate assays were performed to determine the non-toxic
concentrations of Calendula, doxycycline and quercetin. Cell-mediated
collagen degradation assays were performed to examine the inhibitory
effect on cell-mediated collagen degradation. Gelatin zymography was
performed to examine their effects on MMP-2 activity. The experiments
were repeated three times and ANOVA used for statistical analyses.
RESULTS:
Calendula
at 2-3% completely inhibited the MMP-2 activity in the zymograms.
Doxycycline inhibited HGF-mediated collagen degradation at 0.005, 0.01,
0.02 and 0.05%, and MMP-2 activity completely at 0.05%. Quercetin
inhibited HGF-mediated collagen degradation at 0.005, 0.01 and 0.02%,
and MMP-2 activity in a dose-dependent manner. Calendula inhibited
HGF-mediated collagen degradation and MMP-2 activity more than the same
correlated concentration of pure quercetin.
CONCLUSION:
Calendula
inhibits HGF-mediated collagen degradation and MMP-2 activity more than
the corresponding concentration of quercetin. This may be attributed to
additional components in Calendula other than quercetin.
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- PMID:
- 22487368
- [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487368